The significance and literary impact on human life are honorable matters. Literature has always been a companion to the spirit and soul of humans in every situation. One of the most important goals of literature is to determine the role of language in the artistic level of literary or scientific texts. Considering this contribution, language has a reciprocal relationship with literature, where its function is the transmission of information and artistic creation. The foundation of many writers' works in creating literary or scientific works involves teaching, elucidating, and conveying mental writings and expressing specific thoughts to the audience. This process is done in a simple and unpretentious manner to engage the second learner. However, other writers employ a different approach, involving complex expressions and literary devices. In this essay, the author seeks to demonstrate the writer's perspective in creating a work to prove whether the author's goal is literary creation, deviating from norms, or merely conveying a message and transferring information.

The The First- fanciful (Bar ate- Estehlal) is one of the most beauteous and technics of literary arrays and abstract figures of exquisites in Farsi verse and prose, which its dates back to before Islam Evolution, and used in Persian prose works written in Pahlavi. More over, It is the introduction abstract and preface of proses and poems first couplet. Typically as the short symmetry on context. In European literature, this figure represents like Greece and European Tragedi's , such as Shakespear works. This array is one of the main abilities and maneuvers of Ferdowsi to advancement of the story that is important to make acute relation with the context. Ferdowsi's followers and apishes have used of this array to ornamate their epics, and one of them is Fat-hollah Aref in 10th century of Hijri , who brought first couplets sometimes independent of main context and some times linked to the context to show First- Fanciful. This study aimed to deal to definition, comparison , adjust, giving some examples of literary figure "First- Fanciful" in Farsi literature and epic works prop to "Soleymani's Shahnameh" and achieve to admire of common sense (wisdom), entire compliance of kings, blame of vices , blame of faithless world , justice and benefaction of kings, certainty of death and so on.

The nature of cognitive approaches to the issue of language and literature has changed from the last two decades and our authors have assigned a different function to metaphor, according to which, metaphor is no longer a literary craft or a form of imagination, but an active process in the human cognitive system. The importance of metaphor is no longer dependent on the use of words, phrases or sentences; Rather, each metaphor creates a cultural model in the mind, on which the behavioral chain is designed. According to this point of view, cognitive or conceptual metaphor is made based on the human need to understand and represent phenomena and by relying on the construction of previous words and information, and plays an important role in the process of thinking. Therefore, defining, extracting and examining these types of metaphors from any text makes our perception of the speaker's mental world more accurate and deep. In this research, the author has investigated the conceptual metaphors in the narratives of women writers about the holy defense (a case study of the books of Nooruddin Son of Iran, Lashkar Khoban, Da, Dokhtar Shina) in the descriptive-analytical method and library method. The results of the research show that in the works of sacred defense, a variety of conceptual metaphors with specific areas of origin and maps are used, which characterizes the power of imagination and the quality of mental thinking of the authors of such works. Also, the author tries to answer these questions: how can the difference between women's conceptualizations of war be investigated in the form of conceptual metaphor theory and schemas? And what areas of origin have been used in the formation of conceptual metaphors in women's narratives.

Unlike in the past, when the genre in literary texts was considered limited, nowadays, with new literary approaches, according to the cultural, social, ideological conditions, etc., various genres can be created in every society. The current research investigates one of the genres of contemporary literature and the purpose of this research is to introduce and develop a new genre called "Bass", which the author intends to create a new and fresh works by introducing the principles and frameworks of this type of writing. Prepare in this regard .And as a result, to show that the bass genre as a literary genre under the school of Payaism and aggregation thinking, with its own way of representation and story, uses the principles and components that these principles play an important role in its formation as determining factors. In fact, there is a set of commonalities and differences between the sub-sets, which are the criteria for distinguishing them from other literary genres. The method of this research is descriptive-analytical and the article seeks to answer these questions: What is the concept of bass in contemporary literature? What are the principles and components of bass form?

Animals and other creatures play pivotal roles in the Shahname and other epic writings that reflect myths and the primitive and ancient lives of Iranians. These creatures also have special qualities in these writings. These myths reflect the thoughts of early humans that blend with various stories and are expressed symbolically. Epic events are usually products of these myths blended with history. Out of animals, eagle is a pivotal pattern that is mentioned in Ferdowsi’s Shahname and other epic poetry as it assumes specific motifs. This paper aimed to investigate the status of eagle in myths and ancient civilizations and also explore its role in the most valuable epic work, the Shahname, and in five more epic poetic works (namely, Garshasb-Name, Koush- Name, Borzou-Name, Bahman-Name and Banou Gashasb Name). The paper also aimed to extract, classify and analyze the most notable epic-mythical and ritual motifs of this animal. These motifs include the lexical and symbolic meaning of the eagle, the position of the eagle in myths and ancient Iran, the eagle as a general name, the totem of the eagle, the eagle and the immortal plant, the eagle’s feather, the golden eagle, gods and the eagle, the mythical enmity between the eagle and the snake.