Speech act is considered one of the foundations of creating verbal communication in literary works. The theory of "speech act" is one of the important topics in discourse analysis in the field of linguistics, which was initially introduced by "Austin" and then "Searle" classified it into five categories. Based on this theory, the exchange of information takes place in the form of structures and speech acts, and by focusing on them in a text, the social situation and position of the individuals in the work can be analyzed, and the hidden layers of the characters can be better understood. Simin Daneshvar's novel "The Island of Wandering" has noticeable speech acts that vary based on the gender of the individuals. In this article, an attempt to extract, classify, and then explain and analyze the speech of women and men in this novel based on Searle's theory of speech acts. The relationship between speech acts and the social situation of the individuals in the work has also been evaluated. The results of this study show that there are gender inequalities between women and men in the society introduced in "The Island of Wandering," which leads to dissatisfaction and frustration in the female characters of the story, portraying women in society as passive and marginalized. It seems that society is deprived of educated and enlightened women. Therefore, the speech acts of the characters in the story are consistent and homogeneous with the purpose and intention of the narrator.

The Human need for love and its beautiful nature has undoubtedly been one of the strong and fundamental reasons for using the theme of love in Persian poems. Meanwhile, we cannot ignore the psychological foundations of human tendency towards this topic. the purpose of this research is to examine love in the poems of Hamidi Shirazi and Shams Langroodi based on the approaches of emotion regulation resilience and coping function. This research is descriptive and content analysis based on theories related to identity, self-confidence and coping function that have been used in various places in this essay and in the analysis of poems related to love. The findings of the research indicate that Hamidi's poems were dominated by the continuous flow of love that have not left him until the end of his life and Shams Langroodi's poems also have an inextricable link with society, love, nature and time. Love in the poems of both mentioned poets has been introduced as a cause of much pain and suffering. By composing romantic verses, Hamidi tries to increase his resilience against the sorrow and mourning caused by love. Shams Langroodi also has a theme in his poem about love along with sadness; so as it seems ,he has resorted to poetry to get release of sadness and sorrows. Hamidi sometimes has failed to regulate his emotions. So as disappointment overcomes him, but Shams Langroodi acts victoriously in this area and overcomes the emotions caused by love and he reaches to satisfaction with love despite the sorrow caused by it. In his poetry and in parting with his beloved, Hamidi uses a coping strategy with the approach of acceptance, attention, and awareness. In Shams Langroodi's poetry, psychoanalytic resilience is also very evident in his poetry. Shams Langroodi also develops coping strategies to such a degree that, in order to adapt to the consequences of love, he becomes so intertwined with love that he praises love despite all the sorrow and hardships.

Discussing the phenomenon of action and its related theories is widely considered in sociology. However, analyzing and examining the actions of characters in a specific way in fictional poetic systems has not often been discussed. The main purpose of the article is to explain and examine the goal-oriented rational action of Max Weber (1920-1864) to show how and how events are formed based on this action in the main character of the love story of Homay and Homayun by Khajou Kermani. In fact, the importance of Khaju's view of the characteristics of active action, the motivating force of the goal and action in Homay's character is in line with Weber's understanding of rational action directed towards the goal and can be examined. This research also raises a fundamental question: What are the basic components of rational action in Homay's character? In this article, using an analytical-descriptive method and looking at Max Weber's theory of social action (-1rational directed towards the goal -2rational directed towards the value -3emotional or passive -4traditional), it focuses on explaining and understanding the characteristics of rational action in Homay's character (action, means and goal). In this way, the argument is obtained that in this rational action, the relationship between the character and the action is influential and established in the transformation and change of the events of the story.

Hossein son Akbar Esfahani, dedicated to "Ilham", is one of the poets of the twelfth century of Hijri; The manuscript of Divan's Poems of Elham, including sonnets, fragments, quatrains and several masnavis, and a Saqi-nameh numbered 3197, is kept in the Central Library of Tehran University. The influence of the ideas of the Shiite religion on the language and content, following the works of the predecessors, especially Hafez and Saadi, and the simplicity of the language are prominent features of Ilham's poetry. Elham's poetry is far from the popular style of that period - the Indian style - and is close to the style of literary return. Investigating and analyzing the cognitive style of Elham's poetry while revealing the artistic, linguistic and intellectual messages of this poet; It can lead to the discovery of some of the facts related to the history and culture of Iran.

One of the fundamental themes in Kamal's sonnets is the category of beauty. Kamal has two views on the category of beauty: the epistemological view and the semantic view. In the epistemological view, he combines the philosophical theme of beauty with his taste and intuition basics; Therefore, He proposes beauty in two areas of the mind and the objective, permissive and true, which source is the absolute beauty of God. In the semantic view, he explains the characteristics of the words co-stone of beauty and complement of beauty by relying on the science of opinion. This article analyzes the category of beauty in Kamal's sonnets by using an analytical method; with the result that Kamal, as a mystic, adds his description and expansion of discovery and intuition to the philosophical roots of beauty; And as if he has created a new idea in this field. Also, in the semantic explanation of beauty, he considers goodness (Hosn) as a concept that is measured based on the science of opinion, the first concept of beauty knows that it has the levels of "kindness", "elegance", and "it( Aan)". Kindness is higher than goodness; In fact, it is a flavor that adds to the taste of goodness. elegance is a quality that is perceived; But it can’t be described. Finally, "it (Aan)" is a mysterious and indescribable quality in a lover that everyone can’t understand it.