Most prominent works of Persian literature have ensued from the formation of a set of common experiences and motifs by one or more generations of artists in the cultural geography of Iran. Ferdowsi’s Shahnameh, Daqiqi’s epic poems, and many other poems by Hafez, Salman Savaji, Khajoo, etc. are examples of this common experiences, which have created lasting artistic motifs in Persian literature. "Abandoning babies on the street" is an effective contemporary motif attended to by Simin Behbahani and Jalal Al-e Ahmad. The authors in this study have investigated this common motif in the narrative poem "Superb" by Simin Behbahani and the short story "Someone Else's Child" by Jalal Al-e Ahmad, to identify their aesthetic aspects, differences and similarities in both form and content. To this end, a descriptive-analytical method was followed to investigate these two works in terms of form and content following a comparative approach. The results showed that Simin Behbahani approached the social romanticism style in creating form with an attractive narrative language, which placed the climax at the end of the narrative, leaving a deep social-spiritual impact on the reader. But Al-e Ahmad inclines towards the school of communism, and emphasizes the originality of the economy, and approaches the literary school of naturalism by ignoring human emotions and uncovering the subtleties of life. In this process, after passing the climax of the story, Al-e Ahmad controls the passivity of the reader's ego with a mild humor, and depicts the relative satisfaction of the woman in the story that is the result of her misrecognition of her human self. In both works, the Iranian woman is severely oppressed. In a patriarchal and tyrannical society, she is forced to abandon her baby on the street despite all her female feelings, emotions and human values and live a painful life thereafter.

The poetry of Indian-style (Indian versification) poets, including Shohrat Shirazi, is characterized by a distinctive and contemplative quality that is attributed to the presence of opposition as a key feature. The Ghazals of Shohrat, a renowned poet who adhered to the Indian style, exhibit two distinct types of contrasting thoughts. The poet's perspective towards poetic elements and renowned fictional, Qur'anic, and epic characters, occasionally adhered to the conventional and stereotypical approach of Persian poetry. At other times, however, the poet aligned with fellow poets of his genre and challenged the established literary norms by offering a unique and unconventional interpretation of these elements and characters. The Ghazals of Shohrat exhibit divergent themes that present opposing viewpoints in both affirmative and adverse manifestations. The Ghazals of Shohrat exhibit oppositions and conflicting themes that can be attributed to several factors, including divergent perspectives on a fixed phenomenon, an emotional interpretation of surrounding phenomena, and, most importantly, a redefinition of the concept of "alien connotations". This study employed the descriptive-analytical approach and relied on library sources to extract and analyze the instances of opposition and conflicting themes present in the Ghazals of Shohrat. The findings of the study indicated that in Shohrat's Ghazals, which are composed in the Indian style and feature renowned poets, there is a discernible employment of alien connotations, opposition, and conflicting themes in order to attain a novel thematic dimension.

Parvin Etesami has used poetry as a tool to improve social, cultural and political conditions. Even the didactic teachings in his poetry collection are influenced by this approach. In his poems, including the poem "Art and Science of Chemistry", Parvin pays attention to human beings and creates concepts to improve the quality of human life. He tries to establish a deep connection with his audience and share with them the primary and secondary intentions he has in mind. The main purpose and issue of the present study is to study the moral and educational contexts of the poem based on the foundations of Jacobsen's theory of verbal communication. This research has been compiled with regard to descriptive-analytical method and library resources. The results of this study show that the motivating role of language in this poem has been to lead the audience to perform moral duties and avoid the shortcomings of the secretary. Relying on the role of language empathy, the poet has created a united and empathetic front of his like-minded people against others (jurist, judge and mufti) and has exposed their corruption. The emotional role expresses the dominance of Parvin's group me over his individual self. This category makes the use of words with a sad meaning load repeated in Parvin's poetry. The referential role reflects the realities of learning science in the social life of individuals. The referential function of the extra-textual context of Parvin's poems has been mainly related to Iranian mythological figures and Shiite hadiths. The literary role shows the power of Parvin's illustration to make the contradictions and contrasts in society tangible by using metaphors and similes. One of the manifestations of the translingual role in this poem is the use of the religious code of the demon (sovereignty) and Solomon (the superior man).

Ferdowsi presents the process of power in Shahnameh symbolically according to ancient events. The process of human social life is formed based on the type of government in the society and places him in situations that cause relative insecurity and lack of well-being. In this research, the way of governance and power relations in the kingdoms of Kikhusro and Gestaseb are discussed. The present essay, which is a descriptive-analytical method and a comparative structure, tries to explain the obvious difference between the two kings based on Bourdieu's concepts and the nature of this conflict. Also, find out based on what approach the idealistic power of Ki Khosro has been taken out of the cycle of fundamental changes of the society? The result is that the depth of Gestasb's negative habits is such that the ideal society of Ki Khosrow has gone out of the desired state, and the weakness of the effective culture in political power and the strength of economic capital, which has led the authority astray, has reduced the credibility of social capitals.

Mostafa Mastour is one of the story writers with contemporary style. He has been able to create influential characters in his novels. The characters of his stories are mostly chosen from the background of the urban middle class. Doubt, Fear, illusion, being imprisoned in everyday life and wandering in the modern world without spirituality are the most important characteristics of characters in Mastour's stories. In this novel, the wandering and despair of the main character is depicted. The author has tried to achieve various types of characterization in this story by descriptive- analytical method, Mastour used direct characterization such as description and simile and indirect characterization such as behavior, speech, name, appearance and environment. Compare to other methods, he has used description and simile more and has paid less attention to the names and appearance of the characters. He has used speech around the soliloquy and behavior to advance the mental goals of the characters. The wandering of mastour's knowledgeable and thoughtful characters, especially Nader Farabi, becomes more apparent through action.